How to Become a Social Worker

Written by: Ann Feeney
Last Updated: July 2023

Do you want to make a difference for people struggling with unmet needs? Social work comprises three main aspects: connecting individuals to resources and helping them navigate the system, providing counseling, and working at the systemic level to address community needs.

Explore this guide to learn how to become a social worker, what the work entails, and what kind of education and licensing you need to begin this career.

Five Steps to Become a Social Worker

Every state regulates social work in different ways, but the general pathway of how to become a social worker is similar across all states. You must complete a degree, pass a licensing examination, and apply for a state license.

  1. Earn a Bachelor's Degree: You can earn a bachelor's degree in any liberal art or science program to become a social worker. However, if you earn a bachelor of social work (BSW), you may be eligible for an advanced standing master of social work (MSW) degree, which can help you finish your degree in one year.
  2. Earn a Master's Degree in Social Work: In most states, you need an MSW to apply for a social work license. The MSW curriculum covers the effective practice of social work in the classroom, and you will apply these principles in supervised fieldwork. Many MSW programs offer specializations in a particular setting or population, while others offer a generalist degree.
  3. Complete Supervised Experience Hours: Once you graduate, you must perform approximately 3,000 hours of supervised social work. The specific number of hours varies by state and by the type of license you are applying for.
  4. Pass the Association of Social Work Boards' (ASWB) Exam: You must pass the applicable ASWB examination. Most states have two main licenses: a licensed master social worker (LMSW) and a licensed clinical social worker (LCSW). For most entry-level social worker positions, you need an LMSW and will take the ASWB master's exam. For the next level, LCSW, you must take the clinical exam.
  5. Obtain Social Work Licensure in Your State: Finally, you must go through the licensing process for your state. In most states, you will send in confirmation of your degrees, your completion of required supervised hours, confirmation that you passed the ASWB exam, a completed application, and the required fees.

Popular Online Social Work Programs

Learn about start dates, transferring credits, availability of financial aid, and more by contacting the universities below.

What Do Social Workers Do?

There are many different types of social workers who perform responsibilities in various settings and with various populations. Some specialize in school and school-age children and their families, others focus on older adults. Additional specializations include helping people experiencing homelessness or members of the military and veterans.

Licensed master social workers connect clients to the resources that they need and help them navigate various systems. Many clients have multiple issues they want to address, such as mental health and food insecurity. Social workers guide them to resources and instruct them on how to use these resources. Licensed clinical social workers provide counseling to their clients, as well as providing referrals to resources and support accessing them.

Social Worker Responsibilities

  • Needs Assessment: Discuss a client's situation and determine their needs.
  • Service Plan: Once you understand a client's needs, create a plan for addressing their needs in partnership with your client.
  • Case Management: Manage and update information related to the plan and the individual's progress
  • Maintaining Awareness of Resources and Building Relationships with Providers: Social workers have to know what resources are available and how to connect clients to those resources.
  • Advocacy: Social workers often work to change systems or communities, as well as helping individuals. They might advise on school programs to prevent bullying, ways to make it easier to find affordable housing, or otherwise create a more supportive environment.

Social Worker Traits

Common traits associated with social workers include:

  • Empathy: You must be able to interact with people and understand their situation and perspectives.
  • Stress Management: Social work can often involve navigating stressful scenarios with clients.
  • Cultural Competence: Most social workers have clients from other cultural backgrounds, so must manage effective and respectful communication across backgrounds.
  • Time Management: Social workers typically have many demands on their time.
  • Observation Skills: Clients may not always be able to express themselves verbally. Strong observation skills can help determine if a client has unexpressed needs.

Social Worker Workplaces

Common workplaces for social workers include:

  • Schools: Many social workers specialize in school environments.
  • Hospitals: Social workers often help clients access additional resources during their hospital stays or after they are discharged.
  • Shelters and Supportive Living: Social workers help clients access and benefit from shelters or supportive living.
  • Military Cases: Social workers help military members and their families with the challenges of military life.
  • Child Welfare Agencies: Social workers help support families with children and provide the families with what they need to thrive.

Social Worker Salary and Career Outlook

The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) reports a median salary of $59,440 for social workers, as of May 2022. The lowest-paid 10% of social workers earn less than $36,600, while the highest-paid 10% earned at least $87,300. Salary varies based on geographic location and local cost of living, experience, and the type of employer, as seen below.

The BLS reports 689,750 social workers in the United States. About half of these are child, family, and school social workers. It also projects that social work employment will grow 9% between 2021 and 2031, which is faster than the growth projected across all jobs.

Median Annual Social Worker Salaries, by Occupation
Occupation Salary
Child, family, and school social workers $56,680
Healthcare social workers $62,760
Mental health and substance abuse social workers $60,130
Social workers, all other $64,360

Source: BLS, 2022

Frequently Asked Questions about Becoming a Social Worker

How do I start a career in social work?

There is an important difference between a career in social work and a career as a social worker. States supervise licensing for social workers and establish who can call themselves a social worker. However, you can work for a social work provider without having a social work license. If you want to become a social worker, you must have an MSW and pass an examination.

How long does it take to become a social worker?

It takes 5-6 years to become a social worker. You must have a bachelor's degree, followed by an MSW. If you have a BSW, you may be able to earn your MSW in one year. Otherwise, it takes two years. You then need to complete a certain number of supervised hours to become licensed.

What are the three levels of social work?

The three levels of social work are micro, mezzo, and macro. Each of these refers to the position of people in their environments. The micro level is the individual, such as a counseling client. Macro work is the big picture, at the community, national, or international levels, which addresses systems rather than individuals. Mezzo is between these, addressing the needs of a group of individuals within one system, such as students in a school or older adults in a community.

What are the highest-paying social work jobs?

The highest-paid social workers are those with the most rigorous licensing requirements or additional training requirements, such as LCSWs and health social workers. Other factors affecting salary include geographic location and cost of living, experience, additional certifications or qualifications, and type of employer.

Social Work Licensing Guide

Written by Nalea J. Ko
Last Updated: July 2023

Each state sets its licensing standards and titles for social workers. Depending on your state, you may need a bachelor's or a master's degree to become licensed.

Are you curious about the requirements in your state? Here, we break down social work license requirements by state, including renewal rules and fees.

Types of Social Work Licenses

Licensed Baccalaureate Social Worker (LBSW)

The LBSW is an entry-level license. An LBSW holds a four-year bachelor's in social work degree, which usually requires about 400 field hours. As an LBSW, you can practice in any of the 21 states that offer this first-level license.

You work under the supervision of a licensed clinical social worker or case management supervisor to help patients access community resources. The job also requires documenting patient histories, making assessments, and creating treatment plans.

Without a graduate degree and advanced social worker license, you cannot provide diagnosis and treatment in clinical settings. That said, a BSW degree provides a stepping stone to earning an MSW degree.

Licensed Graduate Social Worker (LGSW)

A LGSW, a mid-level licensed social worker, can perform non-clinical and clinical work. LGSWs can provide psychotherapy and counseling under the supervision of a licensed social worker.

This license requires a master's of social work degree or a doctorate in social work degree from a Council on Social Work Education (CSWE) accredited school. An LGSW is a master's type license only offered in Minnesota, Washington D.C., and West Virginia. In these states, you can work in hospice care, nonprofits, and public schools.

To become an LGSW, you may need about 4,000 clinical supervised practice hours, depending on the state. Not every state requires clinical experience.

Licensed Master Social Worker (LMSW)

After earning a master of social work, you can become an LMSW in states offering this mid-level license. Social workers often get experience as LMSWs before becoming licensed clinical social workers (LCSWs). LMSWs can provide clinical services under the supervision of an LCSW.

Licensed master social workers provide macro-level services that address larger social issues in communities. Not every state offers an LMSW license. For instance, states such as Alaska and Arkansas specifically have LMSW licenses, while Connecticut offers a master-level social worker license.

To become a licensed master's social worker, you need to graduate from an accredited school and pass the Association of Social Work Boards Masters Exam.

Licensed Master Social Worker – Advanced Generalist (LMSW – AG)

An LMSW-AG social worker has the credentials and skills to provide clinical services, but they also create social programs, provide community organizing, and advocate for greater social change. This license can provide a social worker with greater career flexibility. In this role, you have the advanced training to make a social impact on a micro and macro level, working directly with clients or in communities and organizations.

LMSW-AGs also carry out managerial and supervisory roles. With this license, you can work in social justice, community advocacy, and child welfare agencies.

In addition to the roughly 1,200 hours of clinical experience required during an MSW program, an LMSW-AG also completes about two years of non-clinical supervised work. And you must pass the advanced generalist Association of Social Work Board (ASWB) exam.

Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW)

An LCSW holds a CSWE-accredited master of social work degree and about three years of post-graduate clinical experience. Most significantly, becoming an LCSW qualifies you for autonomous clinical practice. Licensed clinical social workers provide mental health diagnoses, treatment, and prevention services to individuals, families, and groups.

You need about three years and 2,400-3,000 direct client hours providing psychotherapy to get licensed. The exact clinical hours required for licensure depend on the state.

Becoming an LCSW requires passing the ASWB clinical exam. With an LCSW, you can work in home health care, clinics, child and family services, hospitals, and social services.

Featured Online Social Work Programs

Social Work License Requirements by State

A | C | D | F | G | H | I | K | L | M | N | O | P | R | S | T | U | V | W


Alabama Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: Alabama State Board of Social Work Examiners

Available Licenses:

  • Licensed clinical social worker
  • Licensed master social worker
  • Licensed bachelor social worker

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: All social work licenses in Alabama expire within two years. You need to submit a renewal application within 60 days after the expiration date and a license renewal fee of $100. Licensed social workers must complete at least 30 contact hours to renew their license, and supervisors also need three contact hours. Courses, developmental workshops, and publication of social work papers may suffice for contact hours.


Alaska Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: Social Work Examiners Board

Available Licenses:

  • Licensed baccalaureate social worker
  • Licensed master social worker
  • Licensed clinical social worker

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: In Alaska, your social work license expires after two years, by June 30. The full-term biennial license renewal costs $725 and the prorated license renewal costs $362.50. Depending on how long you have had your license, the Social Work Examiners Board requires 21-45 contact hours in areas such as cross-cultural education, professional ethics, substance abuse, teletherapy practice, and suicide education.


Arizona Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: Arizona Board of Behavioral Health Examiners

Available Licenses:

  • Licensed baccalaureate social worker
  • Licensed master social worker
  • Licensed clinical social worker

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: Social workers in Arizona renew their license every two years and pay $325. You must submit an online or mail-in application along with proof of 30 continuing education hours to renew your license. Required continuing education hours must include three hours in behavioral health ethics or mental health law and cultural competency and diversity.


Arkansas Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: Arkansas Social Work Licensing Board

Available Licenses:

  • Licensed social worker
  • Licensed master social worker
  • Licensed certified social worker

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: Social work licenses expire every two years. The board requires at least 30 hours of continuing education, including three hours of behavioral health ethics and mental health law and three hours of cultural competency and diversity. The biennial license renewal costs $325.


California Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: Board of Behavioral Sciences

Available Licenses:

  • Licensed clinical social worker

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: Social work licenses in California must be renewed every two years. For active renewals, you must pay $220. First-time licensees renewing their license must complete 36 hours of continuing education. Any subsequent license renewal also requires six hours of law and ethics.


Colorado Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: Colorado State Board of Social Work Examiners

Available Licenses:

  • Provisional social worker
  • Licensed social worker
  • Licensed clinical social worker/certified social worker
  • Licensed social worker/certified social worker

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: Your social work license in Colorado expires on August 31 of every odd-numbered year. You'll need to complete 40 professional development hours over two years to get your license renewed.


Connecticut Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: Connecticut Department of Public Health

Available Licenses:

  • Master level social worker
  • Licensed clinical social worker

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: Connecticut requires social workers to renew their license every 12 months and pay a renewal application fee of $200. During each registration period, you must complete 15 continuing education hours. You can complete six of those hours online.


Delaware Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: Board of Social Work Examiners

Available Licenses:

  • Clinical social worker
  • Licensed bachelor's social worker
  • Licensed master's social worker

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: Social work licenses in Delaware expire every odd-numbered year on Jan. 31. Continuing education requirements depend on your social work license. Licensed bachelor's social workers must complete 18 continuing education hours, while licensed master's social workers need 24 hours. And licensed clinical social workers must earn 36 continuing education hours every two years.


Florida Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: Florida Board of Clinical Social Work, Marriage & Family Therapy and Mental Health Counseling

Available Licenses:

  • Certified master social worker
  • Licensed clinical social worker
  • Provisional clinical social worker
  • Registered clinical social worker

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: Social workers in Florida must renew their license every two years. To renew your license, you need to complete 30 hours on topics such as domestic violence, supervisor training, laws and rules, and ethics and boundaries. If you renew before your license expires, the cost is $155.


Georgia Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: Georgia Composite Board of Professional Counselors, Social Workers, and Marriage & Family Therapists

Available Licenses:

  • Clinical social worker
  • Master social worker

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: Social work licenses expire on September 20 every two years. In Georgia, you must pay $100 to renew your license. And between each license cycle, you must complete 35 continuing education hours.


Hawaii Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: Department of Commerce and Consumer Affairs Professional and Vocational Licensing Division

Available Licenses:

  • Licensed social worker
  • Licensed bachelor social worker
  • Licensed clinical social worker

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: To maintain your social work license in Hawaii, you must renew it by June 30 every three years. If you renew your social work license on time, you'll pay between $177-$270, depending on your license. You also need to complete 45 continuing education hours.


Idaho Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: Board of Social Work Examiners

Available Licenses:

  • Licensed clinical social worker
  • Licensed master social worker
  • Licensed master social worker independent
  • Licensed bachelor social worker
  • Licensed social work independent
  • Mental behavioral telehealth social worker

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: Social work licenses in Idaho expire every year, and you'll need to complete at least 20 continuing education hours. Renewing costs $80-$90, depending on your license type.


Illinois Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: Illinois Department of Financial and Professional Regulation

Available Licenses:

  • Licensed social worker
  • Clinical social worker
  • Social worker continuing education sponsor

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: Illinois requires social work licensure renewals every two years on November 30. You'll pay $60 to renew your license. To keep your social work license current in Illinois, you must also complete 30 continuing education hours.


Indiana Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: Behavioral Health and Human Services Licensing Board

Available Licenses:

  • Licensed bachelor of social work
  • Licensed social worker
  • Licensed clinical social worker

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: Social workers must renew their licenses in Indiana every two years. Indiana requires at least 40 continuing education hours each renewal cycle and a $50 renewal fee.


Iowa Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: Iowa Board of Social Work

Available Licenses:

  • Licensed bachelor social worker
  • Licensed master social worker
  • Licensed independent social worker

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: Social workers must renew their licenses every two years in Iowa. The state requires 27 continuing education hours to renew your license. Renewal licensing fees cost from $72-$144.


Kansas Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: Kansas Behavioral Sciences Regulatory Board

Available Licenses:

  • Licensed bachelor social worker
  • Licensed master social worker
  • Licensed specialist clinical social worker

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: In Kansas, all levels of social workers must renew their license every two years. Renewal fees range from $50-$100. The state requires 40 continuing education hours for each renewal period.


Kentucky Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: Kentucky Board of Social Work

Available Licenses:

  • Licensed social worker (LSW)
  • Certified social worker (CSW)
  • Licensed clinical social worker (LCSWs)

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: Kentucky requires social workers to new their license every three years and pay a renewal or reinstatement fee of $75-$200. LCSWs need to complete 30 continuing education hours, CSWs 30 hours, and LSWs 15 hours.


Louisiana Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: Louisiana State Board of Social Work Examiners

Available Licenses:

  • Registered social worker
  • Certified social worker/licensed master social worker
  • Licensed clinical social worker
  • Licensed clinical social worker-bachelor's

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: During a two-year renewal cycle, social workers must complete 20 continuing education hours, including three hours in social work ethics. Depending on your license, you'll pay a renewal fee between $25-75.


Maine Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: Department of Professional and Financial Regulation's Office of Professional and Occupational Regulation

Available Licenses:

  • Licensed social worker
  • Licensed master social worker
  • Licensed social worker (conditional)
  • Licensed master social worker (conditional clinical)
  • Licensed clinical social worker

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: Social workers must renew their license every two years. You cannot renew your license in Maine without completing 25 continuing education hours, including four contact hours in social work ethics. You must pay a $70 license fee and a $21 criminal history records fee.


Maryland Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: Maryland Board of Social Work Examiners

Available Licenses:

  • Licensed bachelor social worker
  • Licensed masters social worker
  • Licensed certified social worker
  • Licensed certified social worker–clinical

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: Maryland requires social workers to complete 40 continuing education hours every two years. The board also requires a $100-$275 license renewal fee.


Massachusetts Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: Board of Registration of Social Workers

Available Licenses:

  • Licensed independent clinical social worker
  • Licensed certified social worker
  • Licensed social worker
  • Licensed social work associate

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: The Board of Registration of Social workers mandates that social workers renew their licenses on their birthday every two years. You'll need 10-30 continuing education credits depending on your license. Fees to renew cost anywhere from $42-$82.


Michigan Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: Michigan Board of Social Work

Available Licenses:

  • Bachelor's social worker
  • Limited bachelor's social worker
  • Limited master's social worker
  • Limited social services technician
  • Master's social work, social service technician

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: Your social work licenses stay valid for three years in Michigan. Limited licenses and social service technicians do not need to complete continuing education hours, but other licensed social workers must finish 45 continuing education hours, including five in ethics and two in pain and pain symptom management. Renewal fees cost between $27-$81.


Minnesota Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: Minnesota Board of Social Work

Available Licenses:

  • Licensed social worker
  • Licensed graduate social worker
  • Licensed independent social worker
  • Licensed independent clinical social worker

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: Every two years, social workers need to renew their licenses in Minnesota. You must pay a renewal fee of $110-$325 and complete 40 continuing education hours. You can complete as much as 50% of continuing education credits through independent learning.


Missouri Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: Committee for Social Workers

Available Licenses:

  • Licensed master social worker
  • Licensed baccalaureate social worker
  • Licensed clinical social worker
  • Licensed advanced macro social worker

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: Social work licenses must be renewed every two years in Missouri. You'll pay $65 to renew your license. The committee requires 30 continuing education hours for each renewal cycle.


Montana Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: Montana Board of Behavioral Health

Available Licenses:

  • Licensed baccalaureate social worker candidate
  • Licensed baccalaureate social worker
  • Licensed clinical social worker
  • Licensed clinical social worker candidate
  • Licensed master's social worker (non-clinical)
  • Licensed master's social worker candidate (non-clinical)

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: The state of Montana requires 20 hours of continuing education hours to renew a social work license. You must renew your license every year by December 31. The renewal application requires a $85 or $149 fee, depending on the license.


Nebraska Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: Nebraska Department of Health and Human Services

Available Licenses:

  • Certified social worker
  • Certified social worker
  • Provisional certification as a master social worker
  • Marriage and family therapists and master social workers

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: In Nebraska, you'll need to renew your social work license every two years and complete 32 continuing education hours, including four hours in ethics. Renewal fees range from $50-$125.


Nevada Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: Nevada Board of Examiners for Social Workers

Available Licenses:

  • Licensed social worker
  • Licensed master social worker
  • Licensed clinical social worker
  • Licensed independent social worker

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: Social workers in Nevada need to renew their license every two years. You'll need to complete 30 or 36 continuing education credits during that time. Depending on your title, it costs either $125 or $187 to renew your license.


New Hampshire Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: Board of Mental Health Practice

Available Licenses:

  • Clinical social workers
  • School social workers

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: Clinical social workers and school social workers must renew their license every two years and pay $298 each time. You'll also need to complete 40 continuing education hours to renew your social work license in New Hampshire.


New Jersey Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: State Board of Social Work Examiners

Available Licenses:

  • Certified social workers (CSW)
  • Licensed social worker (LSW)
  • Licensed clinical social worker (LCSW)

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: In New Jersey, social workers renew their licenses every two years. CSWs must complete 20 continuing education hours, LSWs 30 hours, and LCSWs 40 hours. Certification renewals cost $70 and license renewals cost either $120 or $160, depending on your license.


New Mexico Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: Board of Social Work Examiners

Available Licenses:

  • Licensed baccalaureate social worker
  • Licensed clinical social worker
  • Licensed independent social worker
  • Licensed master social worker

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: New Mexico social workers must renew their license every two years and pay $100, $150, or $200. The state requires 30 continuing education hours to renew your social work license, including six credits in cultural awareness.


New York Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: New York State Education Department's Office of Professions

Available Licenses:

  • Licensed master social worker (LMSW)
  • Licensed clinical social worker (LCSW)

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: New York social workers renew their licenses every three years. Both LMSWs and LCSWs must complete 36 continuing education hours and pay $224 for re-registration and continuing education fees.


North Carolina Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: North Carolina Social Work Certification and Licensure Board

Available Licenses:

  • Certified social worker
  • Certified master social worker
  • Licensed clinical social worker
  • Licensed clinical social worker associate
  • Certified social work manager

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: In North Carolina, you need to complete 40 continuing education hours to renew your social work license every two years. Renewing your license costs $70, $90, $140, or $150, depending on your license.


North Dakota Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: North Dakota Board of Social Work Examiners

Available Licenses:

  • Licensed baccalaureate social worker
  • Licensed master social worker
  • Licensed clinical social worker

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: As a social worker in North Dakota, you'll renew your license every two years and complete 30 approved continuing education hours. You'll need to pay $75 to renew your license.


Ohio Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: Counselor, Social Worker and Marriage and Family Therapist Board

Available Licenses:

  • Licensed independent social worker
  • Supervising independent social worker
  • Licensed social worker
  • Registered social work assistant

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: All social work licenses in Ohio must be renewed every two years. The board requires 30 continuing education hours every renewal cycle and a renewal fee of $63.50, $83.50, or $103.50, depending on your license.


Oklahoma Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: Oklahoma State Board of Licensed Social Workers

Available Licenses:

  • Licensed social worker
  • Licensed clinical social worker
  • Licensed master social worker
  • Licensed social worker – administration
  • Licensed social work associate

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: Social workers in Oklahoma must renew their licenses every two years. Renewal requires completing at least 16 continuing education hours and paying $100.


Oregon Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: Oregon Board of Licensed Social Workers

Available Licenses:

  • Clinical social work associate
  • Licensed clinical social worker
  • Licensed clinical social worker exam candidate
  • Registered baccalaureate social worker
  • Licensed master of social work

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: Oregon requires that social workers renew their licenses every two years. Additionally, licensed social workers must complete 20-30 continuing education hours. Active license renewal fees are $110, $220, or $286, depending on your license.


Pennsylvania Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: The State Board of Social Workers, Marriage and Family Therapists, and Professional Counselors

Available Licenses:

  • Licensed bachelor social worker
  • Licensed social worker
  • Licensed professional counselor
  • Licensed clinical social worker

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: Pennsylvania requires that social workers renew their licenses every two years by February 28. Social workers need to complete 30 continuing education hours and pay a renewal fee of $95.


Rhode Island Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: Board of Social Work Examiners

Available Licenses:

  • Licensed clinical social worker
  • Licensed independent clinical social worker

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: Rhode Island requires licensed social workers to renew their credentials every two years. You'll need to complete 30 continued education hours and pay the $70 renewal fee.


South Carolina Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: South Carolina Board of Social Work Examiners

Available Licenses:

  • Licensed baccalaureate social workers
  • Licensed master social worker
  • Licensed independent social worker clinical practice and supervisor
  • Licensed independent social worker advanced practice and supervisor

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: To renew your social work license in South Carolina, you need to complete 40 continuing education hours and pay the $50 renewal fee. Licenses are valid for two years.


South Dakota Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: South Dakota Board of Social Work Examiners

Available Licenses:

  • Licensed social work associate
  • Licensed social workers
  • Certified social workers
  • Certified social workers in private or independent practice

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: Social workers renew their license every two years in South Dakota. During that time, you need to complete 30 continuing education hours. Social work associates must pay $90; social workers $130; certified social workers $170; and certified social workers in private or independent practice pay $210.


Tennessee Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: Tennessee Board of Social Workers

Available Licenses:

  • Licensed baccalaureate social worker
  • Licensed master social worker
  • Licensed clinical social worker
  • Licensed advanced practice social worker

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: As a social worker licensed in Tennessee, you must renew your credentials every two years. You'll also need to complete nine continuing education hours as a licensed baccalaureate social worker. Licensed master social workers must finish 12 continuing education hours. Licensed clinical social workers and licensed advanced practice social workers must have proof of 15 continuing education hours. Renewal fees are $45 or $95, depending on your license.


Utah Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: Utah Department of Commerce's Division of Professional Licensing

Available Licenses:

  • Licensed social service worker
  • Certified social worker
  • Licensed clinical social worker

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: To keep your social work license current in Utah, you need to renew it every two years by September 30. Licensed social service workers pay $78 and certified social workers and licensed clinical social workers pay $93. All licensees complete 20 or 40 continuing education hours, depending on their designation.


Vermont Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: Office of Professional Regulation Social Workers Section

Available Licenses:

  • Licensed master's social worker
  • Licensed independent clinical social worker

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: In Vermont, your social work license stays valid for two years. You must renew it by completing 20 continuing education hours and paying the renewal fee.


Virginia Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: Virginia Board of Social Work

Available Licenses:

  • Registered social worker
  • Associate social worker
  • Licensed baccalaureate social worker
  • Licensed master's social worker
  • Licensed clinical social worker

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: When you get licensed as a social worker in Virginia, you must renew your credentials every two years and complete 15 or 30 continuing education hours, depending on your license. Registered social workers and associate social workers pay $25 to renew their licenses. Licensed baccalaureate social workers pay $55, licensed master's social workers pay $65, and licensed clinical social workers pay $90.


Washington Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: Washington State Department of Health

Available Licenses:

  • Associate-advanced and independent clinical social worker
  • Licensed advanced social work
  • Licensed independent clinical social worker

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: Every two years, as a licensed social worker in Washington, you must complete 36 continuing education hours. It also costs $116 to renew your license.


West Virginia Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: West Virginia Board of Social Work

Available Licenses:

  • Licensed social worker
  • Licensed graduate social worker
  • Licensed certified social worker
  • Licensed independent clinical social worker

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: Every two years, as a social worker in West Virginia, you need to earn 30 continuing education hours to maintain your license. It costs $76 to renew your license.


Wisconsin Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: Wisconsin Department of Safety and Professional Services

Available Licenses:

  • Licensed social worker
  • Licensed advanced practice social worker
  • Licensed independent social worker
  • Licensed clinical social worker

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: As a social worker in Wisconsin, you must earn 30 continuing education hours every two years to renew your license. It costs $60 to renew your license.


Wyoming Social Work License Requirements

State Licensing Board: Wyoming Mental Health Professions Licensing Board

Available Licenses:

  • Certified social workers
  • Licensed clinical social workers
  • Provisional clinical social worker

Continuing Education and Renewal Requirements: In Wyoming, your social work license expires every two years. During that period, you need to earn 45 continuing education credits, pay $168, and complete a background check.

The Top Online BSW Programs of 2023

Written by Gayle Morris, BSN, MSN; SWDG.com Rankings Team
Last Updated: July 2023

Are you concerned about the social injustices, disparities, and inequities you see in the world? Are you looking for a rewarding career that uses evidence-based strategies to help others? An online bachelor of social work (BSW) program could help you meet your goals.

In an online BSW program, you gain professional experience and learn how to analyze interventions so you can effectively respond to complex social situations. This guide explores what you can expect from an online program, available options to pay for your education, and a list of top bachelor of social work online programs.

What You Can Expect from an Online BSW Program

Candidates can choose from hybrid or completely online BSW programs; many programs offer part-time options for working students. Bachelor of social work online programs typically require an online orientation to provide students with the information and skills necessary to complete the program.

BSW-holders have career opportunities in entry-level positions, such as substance abuse, child welfare, and public health.Students explore important foundations in human behavior and psychology, which students use in the internship component of their education.

These are professional programs offered by organizations to candidates completing their program, which can be paid or unpaid positions. Professionals who choose to go on for their master of social work build on their undergraduate knowledge while participating in research. The terminal degree in social work is a Ph.D. While this does not lead to a different license, it can be a way to stand out in the field and potentially open doors to higher-paying jobs.

Featured Online Social Work Programs

Learn about start dates, transferring credits, availability of financial aid, and more by contacting the universities below.

The Best Online Bachelor of Social Work Degree Programs

The choice you make for your online program should include factors important to your learning, flexibility, and support needs. Also, be sure to consider accreditation, fieldwork requirements, and finances.

  • Accreditation: Accreditation ensures the program meets national standards, credits can be transferred to another program, and they can receive federal aid. All programs on this list hold CSWE accreditation.
  • Fieldwork Experience: Student experiences during fieldwork help form their career options. Consider if the program offers placement assistance, how you interact with instructors, and the skills you are expected to learn.
  • Tuition and Education Costs: Tuition is often less than campus-based programs. Consider all fees and miscellaneous expenses that are included to ensure the program is affordable.

We use a data-driven methodology to determine the best social work degree programs based on three influential factors, including affordability, academics, and reputation.

1. University of Arkansas at Little Rock

Founded in 1927, UA Little Rock offers a 120-credit online bachelor of social work that provides hands-on experience through a senior-year internship. Students complete 16 hours per week in the fall and spring semesters during the field experience. The program also comprises social work foundation courses that merge social welfare policy, statistics, research methods, case management, and addictions and mental health.

UA Little Rock's BSW 2+2 program offers a direct path for Arkansans who hold a two-year degree from a local community college. With a BSW, learners can apply for UA Little Rock's master of social work degree as an advanced standing student.

Only Arkansas residents in their sophomore year can apply. New cohorts begin in the fall. Enrollees must be a UA Little Rock student with a minimum 2.5 GPA.

  • Program: Bachelor of social work
  • Campus: Little Rock, Arkansas
  • Type: Public
  • Accreditation(s): Higher Learning Commission; Council on Social Work Education
  • Tuition: $280 per credit

2. Campbellsville University

At the 1906-founded Campbellsville University, students can earn an online bachelor of social work that emphasizes Christian ethics and values. Courses teach learners to build a generalist practice working with communities and organizations, individuals, and families and groups.

Students take three electives in areas, such as aging, addictions, or school social work. The program ends with a 32-hour field instruction, which learners can complete full or part time. Qualifying applicants can get tuition assistance and a stipend to earn public child welfare certification.

After completing this 120-credit program, students can transfer into the online MSW program as an advanced standing student and graduate in 12 months. Applicants for the BSW degree need at least 30 general education credits with a minimum 2.75 GPA. They must also submit transcripts and one letter of recommendation.

  • Program: Bachelor of social work
  • Campus: Campbellsville, Kentucky
  • Type: Private
  • Accreditation(s): Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges; Council on Social Work Education
  • Tuition: $424 per credit

3. Liberty University

With a 40-year history of distance education, Liberty's CSWE-accredited online bachelor of social work degree only takes 3.5 years to complete. There are no on-campus requirements, but learners must attend a live online intensive and two field placements over two semesters. Online students have the option to work in their local community.

Enrollees complete 120 credits, including required Christian-based coursework. The major coursework covers statistics for the social sciences, introduction to research, chemical dependency, ethics in professional helping, and social welfare and policy. The lessons teach students to build a social work practice by working with individuals, families, and groups.

Eligible applicants need at least a 2.0 GPA. Learners can submit an application with no upfront application fee. Military members and veterans can get the application fee waived.

  • Program: Bachelor of social work
  • Campus: Lynchburg, Virginia
  • Type: Private
  • Accreditation(s): Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges; Council on Social Work Education
  • Tuition: $390-$455 per credit

4. Southwestern Assemblies of God University

SAGU's 120-credit online bachelor of social work degree integrates Christian faith with personal attention from professors through mentorships and small classes. The social work program focuses on generalist practice with courses in social welfare policies, church and community social work, and behavioral science research. Students take the classroom learning into the field for two practicums. Electives include women's studies, abuse and neglect, forensic social work, and international social work. This program qualifies learners for advanced standing in SAGU's MSW degree.

Online learners can access campus resources, such as fitness programs at the Wellness Center and job assistance at the Career Center.

Undergraduates applying for online degrees need to submit college and high school transcripts. If a student has less than 21 general education credits, they may need to take a placement test.

  • Program: Bachelor of social work
  • Campus: Waxahachie, Texas
  • Type: Private
  • Accreditation(s): Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges; Council on Social Work Education
  • Tuition: $415 per credit

5. University of North Dakota

UND's online bachelor of social work degree, CSWE-accredited since 1974, lets students graduate in 1-4 years with optional minors in gerontology or chemical dependency. The courses explore a generalist practice working with individuals and families, communities and organizations, and task and treatment groups. Licensed field instructors supervise field experience.

UND's Children and Family Services Training Center offers research and training opportunities for those interested in child welfare. Learners study online but also gain access to a network of peers through the Student Social Work Association or Phi Alpha.

UND accepts applications in the fall, spring, and summer. Applicants need at least 45 credits, completed prerequisites, and a minimum 2.75 GPA to apply. Additionally, financial support goes to students who agree to work in a North Dakota child welfare agency after college.

  • Program: Bachelor of social work
  • Campus: Grand Forks, North Dakota
  • Type: Public
  • Accreditation(s): Higher Learning Commission; Council on Social Work Education
  • Tuition: $390 per credit

6. Brescia University

Students can complete Brescia's online bachelor of social work degree in as few as two years, depending on their prior college experience. Brescia accepts up to 81 transfer credits to help learners graduate quicker. If students complete the 120-credit BSW program with a 3.5 GPA, they gain automatic admission into Brescia's MSW program.

The generalist practice curriculum includes courses on human behavior in the social environment, social issues in diversity, social work and aging, and policy. The first practicum requires 170 hours and the second 280 hours. Students can also study abroad in Australia and New Zealand.

This program offers five start dates, which allows learners to apply at any time. Applicants must complete principles of sociology, introduction to psychology, and other prerequisites to gain admittance. The application also includes a mandatory admission video and essay.

  • Program: Bachelor of social work
  • Campus: Owensboro, Kentucky
  • Type: Public
  • Accreditation(s): Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges; Council on Social Work Education
  • Tuition: $450 per credit

7. Aurora University

Founded in 1893, Aurora's George Williams School of Social Work offers a bachelor of social work program with two specializations in addictions and child welfare. Depending on transfer credits, learners can graduate in 2-4 years. The program requires 120 credits, including 40 courses in research methods, human behavior in social environment, special welfare, and social work with groups, families, and individuals. Students get direct client experience through two field instructions with the option to gain internship credit from their workplace.

Earning a BSW degree qualifies students for Aurora's online MSW program with tracks in addictions, child welfare, forensics, gerontology, healthcare, leadership administration, military and veterans social work, or school social work.

To apply, students need at least two years of work experience, 60 general education credits, a minimum 2.5 GPA, and a completed background check.

  • Program: Bachelor of social work
  • Campus: Aurora, Illinois
  • Type: Private
  • Accreditation(s): Higher Learning Commission; Council on Social Work Education
  • Tuition: $438 per credit

8. Wayne State University

WSU, with roots that date back to 1868, features a two-year online bachelor of social work degree that provides a flexible learning format with full- and part-time options. Learners study online, except to complete the 460-hour, two-semester field placement and the mandatory in-person orientation. The Office of Field Education can work with students to find field placement in their home community.

This Where Online Works (WOW!) program offers asynchronous courses that require no set class times, but only weekly deadlines. Learners take 120 credits, studying professional writing, social work trends and history, social justice, and research methods and data analysis.

Only applicants who have at least 60 college credits can apply. Applicants need a minimum 2.5 GPA to qualify.

  • Program: Bachelor of social work
  • Campus: Detroit, Michigan
  • Type: Public
  • Accreditation(s): Higher Learning Commission; Council on Social Work Education
  • Tuition: $519 per credit

9. Bemidji State University

BSU, which opened its doors in 1919, lets learners earn a bachelor of social work online with the option to specialize in addictions. The Department of Social Work's BSW program follows CSWE standards. The curriculum gives learners a generalist social work education with courses in interpersonal relations, human behavior in social environment, social welfare policy, research, and family dynamics and intervention.

Students take the coursework online but travel to the BSU campus once a month to sharpen their practice skills. The program culminates with a senior 480-hour internship, where learners are supervised at a human service agency.

There's no fee to apply for the BSW program. Applicants must complete 30 general education credits and need at least a 2.0 GPA.

  • Program: Bachelor of social work
  • Campus: Bemidji, Minnesota
  • Type: Public
  • Accreditation(s): Higher Learning Commission; Council on Social Work Education
  • Tuition: $4,497 per semester

10. Indiana Wesleyan University-National & Global

Founded in 1920, IWU delivers an online bachelor of social work program with a Christian-based education learners can complete in 32 months. The program comprises 22 courses, which students take one at a time over six-week semesters. Enrollees study intergroup relations, state and local government and politics, social research, social welfare organization, and social policy. The director of field education arranges field placement or internships.

To graduate, learners need to complete 120 credits and 400 supervised hours of field experience.

Admissions requirements include a high school or GED diploma, transcripts from high school or college, at least 45 transferable credits.

  • Program: Bachelor of social work
  • Campus: Marion, Indiana
  • Type: Private
  • Accreditation(s): Higher Learning Commission; Council on Social Work Education
  • Tuition: $430 per credit

How to Pay for a Bachelor of Social Work Degree Program

Bachelor of social work online programs come with a range of tuition and fees. While the instructional fee is often less, students may also need to pay an information technology fee, distance learning fee, and a non-resident surcharge for out-of-state students. The average for a BSW can range from $15,000 to $25,000, depending on the program.

Students have several options to save on the cost of education, including financial aid, grants, loans, and scholarships. Social workers may also apply for loan forgiveness programs when they work in rural areas or with vulnerable populations. The number of years of service depends on the program.

Careers and Salaries with a Bachelor of Social Work Degree

A bachelor of social work online program prepares graduates for several career opportunities. BSW graduates are needed as rehabilitation case workers, probation officers, human services specialists, and case managers. Social workers can also choose to specialize in family services, work as mental health assistants, or design and run activities and workshops at rehabilitation centers.

According to the National Association of Social Workers, salaries vary depending on a variety of factors, such as geography, degree, and area of practice. Bureau of Labor Statistics data shows the annual median pay is $50,390, which also varies depending on the work environment and ranges $61,190-$46,640.

Frequently Asked Questions About Online BSW Degrees

Are online BSW programs respected?

Online programs are well respected when accredited. Most employers are not interested in how a candidate earned the degree. They may ask about the college or university, but they are most interested in whether you hold a license.

Is a bachelor's in social work worth it?

Social work attracts compassionate people who genuinely want to make a difference in others' lives. A bachelor of social work online program allows you to achieve that goal and gives you the opportunity to further your education with a master of social work degree.

What is the difference between a BSW and a BA in social work?

They are both undergraduate degrees with some key differences. While a BSW is a professional degree, a bachelor of arts in social work may not include fieldwork or coursework in social welfare policy, human behavior, and practice methods.

What is the difference between a BSW and an MSW in social work?

A BSW is a four-year degree that prepares you for entry-level positions, while an MSW is typically a two-year degree that opens doors to a variety of clinical settings, including substance abuse counseling, child welfare, private practice, or healthcare administration.

Online Doctor of Social Work Programs 2023

Written by Rebecca Munday, SWDG.com Rankings Team
Last Updated: July 2023

Social workers looking to increase their salaries and become leaders in the field can consider pursuing doctor of social work (DSW) degrees. Earning a DSW can prepare an individual for fulfilling work in advocacy, policy development, and direct practice. Discover more about what to expect from a DSW program, how to pay for your education, and salary data for graduates with this in-depth guide.

What You Can Expect From an Online Doctorate in Social Work Program

If you're a social worker who wants to become a leader and practice at the top of your field, you can pursue an online DSW program to enjoy flexibility in scheduling courses and completing assignments. After earning a DSW, you can advance your clinical practice, pursue leadership roles, or teach social work at the postsecondary level. Some DSW programs may require you to have 1-2 years of post-master's experience before applying.

You can earn your DSW in two years if you commit to full-time enrollment. Part-time delivery may extend this timeline to three years or more. These programs allow you to choose specialty tracks like clinical practice, administrative leadership, and social work education.

Depending on your program, you'll have to complete a residency, dissertation, or both. A residency is similar to the fieldwork experience you completed for your MSW because it requires you to apply what you learn in the classroom to your social work practice. A dissertation is a lengthy research project that requires you to present your findings to faculty and defend your conclusions.

Featured Online Social Work Programs

Learn about start dates, transferring credits, availability of financial aid, and more by contacting the universities below.

Online DSW Programs

Before you choose an online DSW program, make sure the program meets your career goals. Research how much each program costs, accreditation status, and coursework requirements.

Accreditation: Employers and financial aid institutions require you to attend a program accredited by the Council on Social Work Education (CSWE). This status ensures that your program meets rigorous academic standards and properly prepares you for the workforce. All schools on this list are accredited.

Tuition and Fees: Plan to pay for the tuition, fees, and other expenses you'll have in the 2-3 years you'll spend in school. Make sure to look into all available forms of financial aid.

Curriculum: Your DSW program covers courses on research, ethics, and your chosen specialty track. You will also have to complete a capstone project, which may include a dissertation or residency.

We use a data-driven methodology to determine the best social work degree programs based on three factors: affordability, academics, and reputation.

Spalding University

The doctor of social work program at Catholic-based Spalding University features primarily online coursework, with periodic on-campus experiential workshops and discussions on Saturdays. Students can choose between two tracks: advanced clinical practice or leadership and administration. The program offers summer research and scholarly publication opportunities; graduate assistantships and teaching fellowships in exchange for tuition reimbursement; and a capstone project tailored to enrollees' professional goals.

The cohort-based program requires 48-51 credits and takes three years to complete. Core courses include intersectionality and social justice; positionality and epistemology; trauma informed leadership and administration; and writing for publication.

Admission requirements include a master of social work degree from a Council on Social Work Education-accredited program; a 3.3 GPA; and two years of post-master's practice experience.

  • Program(s): Doctor of social work
  • Campus: Louisville, Kentucky
  • Type: Private
  • Accreditation(s): Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges
  • Tuition: $990 per credit hour

University of Pennsylvania

Students can earn an online doctorate in clinical social work at the University of Pennsylvania in three years without career disruption. The primarily online, cohort-based curriculum pairs synchronous evening courses with periodic campus immersion experiences for the first two years. During the third year, enrollees focus on completing and defending their dissertations.

Coursework covers clinical theory; family based interventions; methods of inquiry: qualitative research methods; and race, culture, and identity. Learners also participate in a dissertation seminar series. Students are matched with dissertation mentors during their first year and their dissertation committee later on.

Applicants need a master of social work from an accredited program and three years of post-master's practice experience. Additional requirements include an essay, recommendation letters, and a video interview.

  • Program(s): Doctor of social work
  • Campus: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
  • Type: Private
  • Accreditation(s): Middle States Commission on Higher Education
  • Tuition: $7,014 per course unit for first two years; $1,154 per term for third year

Simmons University

Simmons University, a member of the Women's College Coalition, offers an online doctorate of social work with three focus areas: advanced clinical practice; inclusive leadership; and teaching and education. Students can graduate in less than two years of full-time study but can opt for part-time enrollment. The cohort-based program features live, online classes and culminates with a capstone project.

The curriculum emphasizes social justice values. Leadership track course topics include inclusive and socially just organizational cultures; advanced clinical practice teaches emerging practices to support diverse clients; and teaching and education focuses on comparative approaches to learning and instruction.

Admission requires a master of social work from a Council on Social Work Education-accredited program; a 3.0 GPA; and three years of post-master's work experience.

  • Program(s): Doctor of social work
  • Campus: Boston, Massachusetts
  • Type: Private
  • Accreditation(s): New England Commission on Higher Education
  • Tuition: $1,148 per credit hour

How to Pay for an Online DSW Program

A DSW program can range from less than $20,000 to almost $90,000 or more. These costs do not include books, transportation to your residency, and fees. The amount you'll pay for the program can depend on:

  • Credit requirements
  • Financial aid eligibility
  • Full-time vs. part-time enrollment
  • In-state vs. out-of-state residency

Most schools have their own financial aid programs or packages for doctoral students, so ask admissions advisors about applying for school-specific financial aid. You can also fill out the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) to determine your eligibility for state and federal financial aid.

Careers and Salaries with an Online DSW

On average, DSW graduates earn about $20,000 more per year than MSW degree-holders, according to Payscale data from July 2023. Earning your DSW opens you up to more leadership opportunities, responsibilities, and higher pay. Social work professors make one of the highest average salaries in social work.

If you choose the clinical practice track, you'll advance your patient counseling and clinical assessment skills. Licensed clinical social workers (LCSW) with patient counseling skills earn an average of $1,750 more per year than the average for all LCSWs. LCSWs with clinical assessment skills make an average of $2,840 more per year than the average for all LCSWs.

Frequently Asked Questions About Online DSW Programs

How long does it take to earn an online DSW?

It takes 2-3 years to earn your DSW online, depending on your enrollment status. If you work and earn your degree online through part-time enrollment, you can earn your degree in three years.

Are online DSW programs respectable?

CSWE-accredited online DSW programs are as respected as in-person accredited DSW programs. As long as you ensure the program's accreditation status, your employer will know you met rigorous academic standards and received adequate preparation for the next step in your career, regardless of delivery method.

What types of courses are part of an online DSW program?

Online DSW programs include courses in research, ethics, and a specialty track you choose. You can select pathways such as clinical practice, social work education, or administrative leadership. You'll also complete research in a dissertation or a residency fieldwork experience.

Are there any in-person requirements for online DSW programs?

An online DSW program may require you to complete your practicum or residency in person, but you can complete the rest of our coursework online. Your classes may also be asynchronous and allow you to complete your coursework around your other responsibilities.

The Top Social Work Degrees of 2023

Written by Nalea J. Ko, SWDG.com Rankings Team
Last Updated: July 2023

Did you know that about 708,100 social workers in the United States dedicate their lives to helping others? Social workers improve people's lives and have incredible career diversity and flexibility. These professionals find employment in healthcare, education, and public agencies.

Explore everything you need to know about the best social work degree programs, including how to pay for tuition and salary data, in this helpful guide.

What You Can Expect From a Social Work Degree Program

The amount of time it takes to become a social worker depends on your career goals. For example, you can pursue associate in social work, bachelor's in social work (BSW), master's in social work (MSW), and/or doctoral social work degrees.

Five states, including California, Massachusetts, and Michigan, offer licenses or registration to social workers with associate degrees. Most states require at least a BSW, if not an MSW, to receive licensure. A bachelor's degree often serves as a stepping stone for people who want to pursue MSWs.

As a full-time MSW student, you'll study social work over two years and become eligible for higher wages than associate-level and bachelor's-level professionals. MSW programs offer specializations in community social work, child and family social work, and mental health social work, allowing you to focus on specific patients and populations.

A BSW offers a broad education for generalist practice. Every BSW student completes field experiences, which can provide at least 400 contact hours needed for licensure or graduate school.

Featured Online Social Work Progras

The Best Social Work Degree Programs

The social work degree you choose determines what you can do as a professional. When choosing a BSW or MSW program, make sure it offers a curriculum that prepares you for licensure. Consider the following factors as your research social work degrees:

Accreditation: Attend a social work program that holds accreditation from the Council on Social Work Education. Accreditation ensures that you'll get a quality education and receive adequate preparation for licensure and/or graduate school.

Fieldwork Experience: The required fieldwork experience in a social work program helps you merge the theoretical and conceptual concepts from the classroom into your fieldwork. Make sure that your social work department offers assistance with placements.

Tuition and Education Costs: Check that you can afford the tuition, fees, and expenses for your social work degree. Colleges offer varying financial aid packages. Social work students may incur additional fees for supplies or background checks needed before fieldwork.

The Top Social Work Degrees of 2023

We use a data-driven methodology to determine the best social work degree programs based on three influential factors: affordability, academics, and reputation.

1. Christopher Newport University

Christopher Newport University offers the top social work degree of 2023 with its bachelor of arts in social work (BSW), part of the Department of Sociology, Social Work, and Anthropology. To apply to declare a social work major, students need 30 credits, a 2.5 GPA and a 2.7 GPA in social work courses, as well as the prerequisite courses in biology, math, sociology, and social work.

The curriculum comprises courses in human behavior and development in the social environment, social work practice, sociology, and a senior seminar. The senior year includes preparation for fieldwork and actual fieldwork.

The school expects applicants to have college preparatory courses, ACT or SAT scores, a strong GPA, an essay, and an interview.

  • Program(s): BSW
  • Campus: Newport News, Virginia
  • Type: Public
  • Accreditation(s): Council on Social Work Education; Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges
  • Tuition: $642 per credit (resident), $1,194 per credit (non-resident)

2. University of New Hampshire-Main Campus

The University of New Hampshire-Main Campus offers a generalist bachelor of science in social work major and minor. Students participate in 40 hours at a local agency and a 450-hour internship over two semesters during the senior year. The program emphasizes small classes and a low student-to-faculty ratio.

The curriculum comprises core courses in human behavior and development and in social work practice, as well as electives related to sociology and anthropology, human biology, and diversity. The school also offers an accelerated master's program for students seeking advanced standing for an MSW degree. Students can also declare a minor in gerontology.

Applicants need a B/B+ or higher GPA, four years of English, three years of math, two years of lab science (three recommended), two years of history, two years of a foreign language, and 15 credits in college preparatory courses. Prospective students can use the Common Application.

  • Program(s): BSW
  • Campus: Durham, New Hampshire
  • Type: Public
  • Accreditation(s): Council on Social Work Education; New England Commission of Higher Education
  • Tuition: $15,520 per year (resident), $35,290 per year (non-resident)

3. Miami University-Oxford

Miami University-Oxford's bachelor of social work program reports a 96% first-time pass rate on the ASWB examination. Program graduates can also apply for provisional certification as a family life educator from the National Council on Family Relations. The program is available on campus.

Enrollees can declare the major at any time, but to be formally accepted into the major, they must pass two core classes with a C or higher, complete the program orientation, and have a cumulative GPA of 2.5 or higher. The final year includes fieldwork experience.

Miami University uses the Common Application for admission. Applicants must send high school transcripts and at least one recommendation letter. Standardized test scores are optional. While there is no specific GPA requirement, the school describes admissions as selective.

  • Program(s): BSW
  • Campus: Oxford, Ohio
  • Type: Public
  • Accreditation(s): Council on Social Work Education; Higher Learning Commission
  • Tuition: $17,808 per year (resident), $40,024 per year (non-resident)

4. Auburn University

Auburn University's BSW program, part of the College of Liberal Arts, offers small class sizes and extensive service-learning opportunities, as well as internships and fieldwork. The program for a major includes 42 hours of required programs, 15 hours of electives, and 18 hours of coursework from lists of specialized courses. Students must also complete other courses from the general school curriculum, including eight hours of a foreign language.

Learners can also declare a minor in social work, which requires at least 15 hours of core and advanced-level courses. To declare the major, students must complete core classes and have at least a 2.5 GPA in social work courses.

Auburn does not have a specific GPA requirement for admission, but notes that a high school transcript is the most important consideration. Applicants should have four years of English, three years of social studies, three years of math, and two years of science.

  • Program(s): BSW
  • Campus: Auburn, Alabama
  • Type: Public
  • Accreditation(s): Council on Social Work Education
  • Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges
  • Tuition: $12,572 per year (resident), $33,944 per year (non-resident)

5. Ohio University-Main Campus

Ohio University-Main Campus offers a BSW in social work through either the standard program or its Honors Tutorial College. The Honors Tutorial College emphasizes personal interaction with faculty as students take tutorial-style classes. Learners must maintain a 3.5 GPA for the Honors Tutorial College option. Both the traditional and the Honors Tutorial College options require at least 20 hours of volunteer or paid social work to graduate, as well as completing fieldwork. In the traditional program, enrollees must maintain at least a 2.5 GPA.

For admission, applicants should have four years of English and math, three units of social sciences and natural sciences, two years of foreign language, and one year of arts. SAT and ACT scores are optional.

  • Program(s): BSW
  • Campus: Athens, Ohio
  • Type: Public
  • Accreditation(s): Council on Social Work Education; Higher Learning Commission
  • Tuition: $639 per credit (resident), $1,148 per credit (non-resident)

6. Temple University

Temple University offers its BSW degree entirely on campus or with an online 60-credit completion track. Both the online and on-campus programs offer a part-time option. The online version offers synchronous classes during the evenings to accommodate working students. Please note that the fieldwork component requires a criminal background check and child abuse background check clearance. It may also require a drug screening.

The curriculum requires classwork in biology, economics, and statistics as well as in the social sciences and core social work courses. The senior year includes 400 hours of fieldwork.

Temple University uses the Common Application. Applicants need at least a B grade average, four units of English and math, three units of science and social studies, two units of foreign language, and one unit in the arts. The average GPA for incoming students in 2022 was 3.42.

  • Program(s): BSW
  • Campus: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
  • Type: Public
  • Accreditation(s): Council on Social Work Education; Middle States Commission on Higher Education
  • Tuition: $17,136 per year (resident), $30,864 per year (non-resident)

7. University of Pittsburgh-Pittsburgh Campus

The University of Pittsburgh offers a major or minor in social work. In addition to the standard BSW, learners can choose either a bachelor of philosophy in social work, which includes a focus on research and more rigorous courses, or University Honors College options. The school notes that the bachelor of philosophy option may require an additional year because of its heavy coursework demands. The curriculum for the BSW includes 600 hours of fieldwork.

Applicants must apply both to the University of Pittsburgh and, after earning 60 credits of required coursework, to the social work program. Unlike many undergraduate schools, the University of Pittsburgh reviews applications on a rolling basis throughout the year. Standardized test scores are optional.

  • Program(s): BSW or bachelor of philosophy in social work
  • Campus: Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
  • Type: Public
  • Accreditation(s): Council on Social Work Education; Middle States Commission on Higher Education
  • Tuition: $19,760 per year (resident), $36,000 per year (non-resident)

8. University of Connecticut

The University of Connecticut's BSW program offers small classes and a supportive, collaborative community. The school, which also offers MSW and Ph.D. programs, recently opened its Innovation Institute, which works to advance research-based solutions for public systems serving children, families, and communities.

Seniors complete 400 hours of fieldwork. During the junior and senior years, most of the coursework centers on social work courses. Spanish-speaking students can participate in a child welfare and protection track.

The university requires four years of English; three years of math; two years of lab science, social studies, and a foreign language (with three preferred); and three years of electives. To enter the BSW program, applicants must have at least 54 credits with a GPA of 2.5 or higher and meet the university's core requirements.

  • Program(s): BSW
  • Campus: Storrs, Connecticut
  • Type: Public
  • Accreditation(s): Council on Social Work Education; New England Commission of Higher Education
  • Tuition: $681 per credit (resident), $1,625 per credit (non-resident)

9. University of Oklahoma-Norman Campus

The University of Oklahoma-Norman Campus BSW program offers practical learning opportunities in university initiatives and through fieldwork for academic credit. For example, students might work in the Child Welfare Professional Enhancement Program, Social Work Aging Program, or Knee Center for Strong Families.

Enrollees must apply to declare social work as their major, but not all students are accepted to the program. Once admitted, learners must maintain a 2.5 GPA in both general and social work courses. The school offers a suggested course of study, but students are not required to follow it specifically, as long as they meet all the requirements.

Students can apply with either the Common Application, Apply Coalition with Scoir, or the university's application form. First-year students applying between 2021 and 2025 do not need to submit standardized test scores. Applicants need four years of English, three years of math and of science , and three years of history and citizenship.

  • Program(s): BSW
  • Campus: Norman, Oklahoma
  • Type: Public
  • Accreditation(s): Council on Social Work Education; Higher Learning Commission
  • Tuition: $4,920 per year (residents), $21,488 per year (non-residents)

10. University of South Carolina-Columbia

The University of South Carolina-Columbia's BSW program provides a competency-based curriculum that prepares graduates to "promote social and economic justice, social well-being, and an appreciation of diversity among vulnerable populations across South Carolina and beyond."

The junior year comprises preparation for fieldwork, and both semesters in the senior year include fieldwork and a capstone project in the last senior semester. The school recommends a specific course sequence, but the sequence is not mandatory. Students receive assigned placements for the required 400 hours of fieldwork.

Prospective students must apply to the BSW program separately from general university admission. Applicants need a 2.5 GPA, 39 hours in the core curriculum prior to admission, and 54 credits by the time they progress to upper-level classes.

For university admission, students need four years of English, four years of math, three years of science and social science, two years of foreign languages, one year of arts, and two additional units. Computer science is recommended.

  • Program(s): BSW
  • Campus: Columbia, South Carolina
  • Type: Public
  • Accreditation(s): Council on Social Work Education; Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges
  • Tuition: $512 per credit (resident), $1,439 per credit (non-resident)

How to Pay for a Social Work Degree Program

Getting your social work degree creates a significant financial investment. As of 2020-2021, a year of tuition and fees at public institutions reached an average of $12,394, according to the National Center for Education Statistics. Private nonprofit colleges charged an average annual tuition of $28,445. For a BSW program, you'll pay about $300-$642 or more per credit. Social work students must also pay for fingerprinting and criminal background checks.

You can often pay less with online social work degrees. As an online learner, you do not incur transportation costs or on-campus housing fees. However, some schools include additional tech fees for distance education. Social work scholarships, grants, and work-study programs can help you further reduce your financial obligations.

Careers and Salaries with a Social Work Degree

Leadership opportunities often await MSW degree-holders. You can work as a college professor, licensed clinical social worker, or public policy analyst if you hold a master's degree. An advanced degree can bring greater responsibility — and higher pay.

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, social workers earn a median salary of $50,390. According to Payscale data from July 2023, licensed clinical social workers make an average salary of $63,880, while public policy analysts earn an average wage of $63,640.

Master's-level social workers employed in national security and international affairs earn some of the highest wages, with a median salary of $69,000, according to the National Association of Social Work.

Frequently Asked Questions About Social Work Degrees

What degree is best for a social worker?

The "best" degree depends on your career interests and personal goals. Other considerations include your state's licensing requirements. Certain states offer licensure for BSW degrees, but many require at least a master's degree. If you want to work in clinical social work, management, or specialty practice, you must earn at least a MSW.

Are social work degrees hard?

BSW and MSN curricula can be academically and emotionally difficult. Along with demanding coursework, fieldwork can also present physical and spiritual challenges. Field placements also require a heavy workload and accompanying paperwork.

What are the 3 levels of social work?

Social work breaks down into three levels: micro, mezzo, and macro. The meso level includes work in communities, schools, and neighborhoods. At the micro level, social workers provide direct services to individuals and families. Professionals at the macro level work in policy, healthcare systems, and law and legislation.

What does a social worker do?

Social workers' responsibilities depend on the setting and their educational level. Typical job settings include government agencies, schools, and nonprofits. Non-clinical social workers help people locate services and programs, while clinical social workers provide psychotherapeutic services.

The Top Online MSW Programs with No GRE Requirements in 2023

Written by Ann Feeney, SWDG.com Rankings Team
Last Updated: July 2023

A growing number of schools are dropping GRE requirements or using them only for students with a lower GPA. If you choose not to take the GRE, there are a wide variety of high-quality online master of social work (MSW) programs with no GRE requirements. Browse this list of the top programs today to start your future career in social work.

What You Can Expect from an Online MSW Program with No GRE Requirements

An online MSW program with no GRE requirement gives you the same diploma as an on-campus program or one that requires GRE scores. You also have the same curriculum and fieldwork requirements as any other program.

Some online MSW programs without GRE requirements are hybrid programs, with some on-campus work required. Others are entirely online. When schools refer to themselves as entirely online, this typically means that coursework may take place fully online, but fieldwork must still happen in person.

An MSW typically takes two years for a student with a bachelor's degree and one year for a student with a bachelor of social work (BSW). If you have a BSW, you may be eligible for advanced standing, which gives you the equivalent of one year of graduate work course credit from your BSW. Note that many schools have other requirements for advanced standing, such as a GPA requirement, and that a BSW alone will not necessarily make you eligible for program admission.

Featured Online Social Work Programs

The Best Social Work Degree Programs

These are the top online MSW programs with no GRE requirements. While the perfect school for you depends on a number of personal factors, such as location and curriculum, this list is based on objective factors, such as tuition and academic reputation.

  • Accreditation: All listed schools are accredited by the Council on Social Work Education (CSWE). Accreditation is vital to earning your license, which is why all the schools on this site are accredited.
  • Fieldwork Experience: Different schools have different approaches. Some provide extensive help in finding placement, while others require students to find placement on their own. Make sure the school's approach works for you.
  • Tuition and Education Costs: Attending an online program reduces some costs, but tuition, fees, and books can still be expensive. Check your financial aid options, from the school and from other sources.

We use a data-driven methodology to determine the best social work degree programs based on three influential factors, including affordability, academics, and reputation.

1. University of Arkansas at Little Rock

The University of Arkansas at Little Rock's online master of social work (MSW) with no GRE requirement is only available to residents of Arkansas. In addition, all field internships must be completed in person with an Arkansas organization. The program provides every student with field placement in their own community. Internships take 1,200 hours.

This degree requires 60 credits and students can complete the program in three years. The curriculum focuses on clinical social work practice. Students take five synchronous courses per semester.

Applicants should have a 3.0 or higher GPA from a liberal arts program; narrative statement; three references; official transcripts; description of relevant volunteer, paid, or life experience; and a completed application.

  • Program(s): MSW
  • Campus: Little Rock, Arkansas
  • Type: Public
  • Accreditation(s): Council on Social Work Education; Higher Learning Commission
  • Tuition: $383 per credit

2. Indiana University

The 60-credit MSW with no GRE requirement at Indiana University focuses on special practice areas in social work. The curriculum is evenly divided between 30 credits of core courses and 30 credits of special practice area topics.

Many elective courses cover effective teledelivery of social work. Other electives include working with military members and extended coursework on additions. The program is entirely online, and students from all 50 states may apply.

There is no specific GPA requirement. Applicants must submit transcripts, three letters of recommendation, a writing sample and statement (five pages or fewer, with double-spaced text), and a resume.

  • Program(s): MSW
  • Campus: Bloomington, Indiana
  • Type: Public
  • Accreditation(s): Council on Social Work Education; Higher Learning Commission
  • Tuition: $606 per credit (resident), $716 per credit (non-resident)

3. Campbellsville University

Campbellsville University's MSW with no GRE requirement is rooted in the university's Christian background. The school describes its program offering as a "curriculum rooted in ethical and Christian ideals, along with trauma-informed practice." Students can also take a series of courses related to faith and social work practice.

Courses take eight weeks and students can complete the program in two years. Depending on the specialty, the program requires 60-63 credits and 900 fieldwork hours. Students are responsible for finding their own clinical placement sites.

Applicants do not need a specific GPA, but those with a GPA below 3.0 must include a personal statement with their application. All applicants must submit transcripts, three references, and an official application.

  • Program(s): MSW
  • Campus: Campbellsville, Kentucky
  • Type: Private
  • Accreditation(s): Council on Social Work Education; Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges
  • Tuition: $603 per credit

4. University of New England

The University of New England's MSW with no GRE requirement was the first entirely online, asynchronous program of its kind. With a BSW, students may be eligible for the advanced standing track, which requires 30 units and can be completed in 16 months.

Learners can choose from traditional, block placement, and simulation and onsite models (SOS) for fieldwork. Both traditional and advanced standing students complete three fieldwork sessions.

Enrollees can specialize in trauma-informed practice, school social work, medical social work, or advanced clinical practice. While the program is aligned to Maine's requirements, students can attend from any state.

Applicants need a bachelor's degree from an accredited school, an application, goal statement, resume/CV, two references, and transcripts.

  • Program(s): MSW
  • Campus: Biddeford, Maine
  • Type: Private
  • Accreditation(s): New England Commission of Higher Education, Council on Social Work Education
  • Tuition: $1,050 per credit

5. The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley

The MSW with no GRE requirement at the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley is available for traditional students (63 credits) or advanced standing students with a BSW (33 credits). Learners can specialize in direct practice with Latino individuals, families, and groups or in administration and community practice. Both programs emphasize work with Latino clients.

For field placement, students must meet with a faculty advisor, attend the Field Fair and discuss placement with at least three representatives of organizations offering placement, and complete interviews with potential supervisors.

Applicants to the traditional program need a bachelor's degree, 3.0 GPA, personal statement, resume, three references, and at least one college-level statistics class. For advanced standing, applicants need a BSW and at least a 3.2 GPA in social work courses.

  • Program(s): MSW
  • Campus: Edinburg, Texas
  • Type: Public
  • Accreditation(s): Council on Social Work Education; Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges
  • Tuition: $463 per credit (resident), $871 per credit (non-resident)

6. New Mexico State University-Main Campus

The New Mexico State University-Main Campus MSW with no GRE requirement emphasizes offering culturally-appropriate services in the U.S. Southwest as part of its advanced generalist curriculum. With a BSW, enrollees may be eligible for the one-year advanced standing program if they have a 3.5 or higher GPA. For traditional full-time students, the program takes two years and 60 credits.

Students can also choose a joint MSW/master of public health (MPH) option. For online learners only, residents and non-residents pay the same tuition rate.

Admission does not require a specific GPA, but rather considers academic potential, values, commitment to social work, and personal characteristics, as well as their potential to deliver effective social work services. Applicants must submit transcripts, two references, a personal statement, a case study, and a completed application.

  • Program(s): MSW
  • Campus: Las Cruces, New Mexico
  • Type: Public
  • Accreditation(s): Council on Social Work Education; Higher Learning Commission
  • Tuition: $444 per credit

7. Texas A&M University-Commerce

At Texas A&M University-Commerce, students can enroll in a generalist MSW with no GRE required that meets Texas social work licensing requirements. With a BSW, learners may be eligible for advanced standing, which allows them to earn their MSW with 33 credit hours in one year, while traditional students require 57 hours and two years for full-time students.

All students must complete a comprehensive exam at the end of their program. Foundation courses include 260 hours of fieldwork, and advanced classes include another 500-640 hours.

Applicants should include a professional narrative statement, resume, three references, and official transcripts. Admission is based on likelihood of succeeding in the program and being an effective practitioner of social work.

  • Program(s): MSW
  • Campus: Commerce, Texas
  • Type: Public
  • Accreditation(s): Council on Social Work Education; Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges
  • Tuition: $408 per credit (resident), $816 per credit (non-resident)

8. Rutgers University-Camden

At Rutgers University-Camden, the MSW with no GRE requirement offers asynchronous courses to accommodate working students. The program follows a cohort model, intended to help learners develop their future professional network. With a BSW, students may qualify for advanced standing, allowing them to finish the program in 39 credits and one year. Otherwise, full-time enrollees take two years and part-time students take three years to earn 60 credits.

Fieldwork starts in the first semester, except for part-time students. Rutgers works to develop field placement partners across the country.

To apply, students need a bachelor's degree and a 3.0 GPA. Rutgers prefers candidates who have demonstrated a commitment to helping and to social justice. Required materials include official transcripts, a personal statement, a resume, and three references.

  • Program(s): MSW
  • Campus: Camden, New Jersey
  • Type: Public
  • Accreditation(s): Council on Social Work Education; Middle States Commission on Higher Education
  • Tuition: $760 per credit (resident), $1,292 per credit (non-resident)

9. University of North Dakota

At the University of North Dakota, the MSW with no GRE necessary requires 60 credits for traditional students or 1-2 years for advanced standing students. The online program is designed around the needs of working individuals.

While the program is for advanced generalists, the university offers many resources for social work with children and students. Learners who commit to serving children in approved agencies in North Dakota are eligible for special financial aid options.

Applicants should submit a personal statement, have a 3.0 or higher bachelor's degree GPA, previous coursework in statistics, and at least 30 hours of credits in the liberal arts. For the concentration program, enrollees must have a BSW as well as the above.

  • Program(s): MSW
  • Campus: Grand Forks, North Dakota
  • Type: Public
  • Accreditation(s): Council on Social Work Education; Higher Learning Commission
  • Tuition: $676 per credit (resident or non-resident, online only)

10. Brescia University

Brescia University offers an advanced standing and a traditional advanced generalist MSW with no GRE required. Students with a BSW and GPA of 3.2 are eligible for advanced standing and can complete the program in one year (30 credits), while traditional students take two years (60 credits). Courses are synchronous. The first year includes 400 hours of fieldwork, and the second year includes 500 hours. Students are responsible for finding their own placements. The program culminates with a capstone project.

Advanced standing students need a BSW and a 3.2 GPA, while traditional students must have a bachelor's degree and a 3.0 GPA. Students should have completed an introduction to social work course with at least a C before enrolling, but they may be eligible for conditional admission without the course.

  • Program(s): MSW
  • Campus: Owensboro, Kentucky
  • Type: Private
  • Accreditation(s): Council on Social Work Education; Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges
  • Tuition: $665 per credit

How to Pay for a Social Work Degree Program

For an in-state public school, tuition typically ranges from $5,000-$15,000 per year, while for a private school or non-resident tuition, the costs are usually $10,000-$25,000 per year. Some schools cost even more. Most schools also charge fees, technology access costs, and other charges. You will also need to buy or rent textbooks and budget for any needed travel to placement sites.

Fortunately, there are many sources of financial aid, including scholarships, grants, and loans from your school, government sources, and foundations and other nonprofits. Social workers, especially licensed clinical social workers, may be eligible for loan forgiveness programs for working in an area with a shortage of mental health care providers.

Careers and Salaries with a Social Work Degree

According to the National Association of Social Workers (NASW), the median annual salary for a social worker with a master's degree is $48,000, as of 2017. Most social workers become licensed master social workers (LMSW) or LCSWs. Licensing requirements vary by state, but typically an LCSW has a graduate degree plus a certain number of hours of supervised work experience and a passing grade on the Association of School Work Boards (ASWB) clinical examination. Payscale reports that LCSWs earn a median $63,800 annually, while all licensed social workers earn a median of $54,000.

Though most MSWs become licensed social workers, other professionals with an MSW may teach social work or consult.

Frequently Asked Questions About Online Social Work Degrees

Are online MSW programs respected?

An online MSW covers the same curriculum and gives you the same diploma as an on-campus program. The level of respect that an online MSW with no GRE or with a GRE requirement receives depends much more on the school than on the format.

Do MSW programs require the GRE?

A growing number of on-campus and online MSW programs have no GRE requirement. These schools may regard the GRE as a barrier to participation or as not being effective in measuring the potential to succeed in a social work program or as a social worker.

Is an online MSW worth it?

Whether an online MSW is worth it to you depends on your career and financial goals. Social work is generally not the most financially rewarding among the careers that require a master's degree, but most social workers enter the field for reasons other than money.

How much does an online MSW cost?

Online MSW costs depend on whether the school is public or private, whether you are eligible for in-state tuition, and what other fees the school charges. In general, if you can attend a public school and get in-state pricing, your tuition will be between $5,000 and $15,000 per year. At a private school or the more expensive public schools, you may pay $10,000 to $20,000 or more.

Learn What Criminal Justice Social Workers Do and How to Become One

Written by Rebecca Munday
Last Updated: July 2023

If you want to help improve the lives of incarcerated individuals, victims of crimes, and others in the legal system, consider becoming a criminal justice social worker. Criminal justice social workers, also called forensic social workers, work with anyone in the legal system or at risk of entering the legal system. Find out more about how you can become a criminal justice social worker and what social workers do in the criminal justice system.

What Is Criminal Justice Social Work?

Criminal justice and forensic social work is similar to other social work specialties. Any social worker can practice forensic social work.

Forensic social workers create and implement programs, identify clients who need assistance, help clients adjust to the changes and challenges in their lives, and advocate for clients' needs. The difference between forensic social work and other social work specialties is forensic social work focuses on psychosocial needs of people connected to the legal system.

If you want to help clients understand their rights and navigate the legal system, choose a career in criminal justice social work. Find out what social workers do and where they work to see if criminal justice social work could be right for you.

Criminal Justice Social Worker Responsibilities

  • Helping clients navigate the legal system
  • Serving as an expert witness
  • Examining, diagnosing, treating children and adults in the criminal justice system with mental health or substance misuse conditions
  • Making recommendations about mental status, inability to stand trial or testify, and children's interests
  • Advocating for victims of crimes

Traits of a Criminal Justice Social Worker

  • Interpersonal and communication skills
  • Knowledge of the law and legal system
  • Empathy
  • Time management skills
  • Organizational skills

Workplaces for Criminal Justice Social Workers

  • Psychiatric hospitals
  • Court systems
  • Correctional facilities and jails
  • Community non-profit organizations serving people who were formerly incarcerated or who are at risk of re-entering the criminal justice system
  • Probation and parole agencies

Featured Online Social Work Programs

How to Become a Criminal Justice Social Worker

Becoming a forensic social worker takes 4-9 years. A bachelor's degree in social work (BSW) prepares you to:

You must become a licensed clinical social worker (LCSW) if you want all the responsibilities available in criminal justice social work. If you have a BSW and enter an MSW program with advanced standing, you can earn an MSW in two years. An MSW qualifies you to:

Most states require about two years, or 3,000 hours, of supervised experience, and 100 hours of supervision. However, these requirements vary by state, so check with your state's social work licensing board to find out how to become an LCSW in your state.

Criminal Justice Social Worker Salary and Career Outlook

The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) projects 9% job growth for all social workers between 2021 and 2031. Criminal justice social workers earn an average $65,200 per year, according to ZipRecruiter data from July 2023. This annual salary comes out to about $31 an hour. Most social workers make $25-$36 per hour.

Your salary as a criminal justice social worker varies based on your location and license level. According to ZipRecruiter data from July 2023, six of the ten highest-paying cities for criminal justice social workers are in California, which has the second highest cost of living in the country. Social workers who practice clinical social work make over $11,000 more annually than social workers who offer direct services, according to Payscale data from July 2023.

Related: See all social worker salaries in our comprehensive guide.

Frequently Asked Questions About Criminal Justice Social Work

What is the role of a criminal justice social worker?

The role of a criminal justice social worker is to help clients understand their rights and navigate the legal system. They also help prevent adolescents and adults from entering or reentering the criminal justice system. Professionals fulfill this role by advocating for clients; creating programs and plans for clients to improve their circumstances; and examining, diagnosing, and treating clients with mental health conditions.

What skills do you need to be a criminal justice social worker?

Criminal justice and forensic social workers need skills in communication, organization, teamwork, mental health assessment, victim advocacy, and time management. They also need knowledge of the law and how the legal system works to help their clients understand their rights and navigate the legal system.

Where do criminal justice social workers work?

Criminal justice social workers work in a variety of settings in and around the legal system, such as community-based non-profit organizations, psychiatric hospitals, correctional facilities, jails, probation or parole agencies, and court systems.

How much do criminal justice social workers make?

Criminal justice social workers make an average of $65,200 annually, according to data from ZipRecruiter in July 2023. They make an average hourly wage of about $31 per hour. Factors like skills and location can affect how much you earn as a social worker.

What’s an LGSW? Learn How to Become a Licensed Baccalaureate Social Worker

Written by Rebecca Munday
Last Updated: July 2023

If you live in Washington, D.C., West Virginia, or Minnesota and want to practice master's-level social work, consider becoming a licensed graduate social worker (LGSW). Find out more about how to become an LGSW, what you'll do as an LGSW, and how much you can make.

What is a Licensed Graduate Social Worker?

Available only in Washington, D.C., West Virginia, and Minnesota, a licensed graduate social worker (LGSW) credential is the equivalent of a licensed master social worker (LMSW) in other states.

LGSWs practice generalist social work at the macro and mezzo levels. They help clients navigate challenges or improve the circumstances in their lives.

LGSWs perform the same duties as LMSWs. Learn more about the responsibilities, traits, and work settings of LGSWs below.

LGSW Responsibilities

  • Supervise other social workers.
  • Maintain case files.
  • Assess clients' needs to develop an intervention plan.
  • Connect clients to the resources they need.
  • Follow up with clients to ensure their circumstances improve.

Traits of an LGSW

  • Empathy
  • Organizational skills
  • Problem-solving skills
  • Communication and interpersonal skills
  • Advocacy

Workplaces for an LGSW

  • Individual and family services
  • Local and state governments
  • Secondary and elementary schools
  • Community, food and housing, emergency and other relief services
  • Residential care facilities

Featured Online Social Work Programs

How to Become an LGSW

To become a licensed graduate social worker, you must earn a bachelor's degree and a master's degree in social work (MSW), pass the Association of Social Work Board (ASWB) master's exam, and apply for licensure. Requirements vary by state, so check with your state's licensing board to make sure you meet all their requirements.

  1. Earn a Bachelor's Degree: A bachelor's degree in social work (BSW) qualifies you for advanced standing when you enter your MSW program, which means you could finish the MSW program in as few as half the credits. However, MSW students come from a variety of fields, such as political science, sociology, psychology, and biology.
  2. Earn a Master's Degree in Social Work: During the MSW program, you learn about social welfare policy, research methods, and human behavior in the social environment. You also complete at least 900 hours of fieldwork experience in generalist social work, where you learn to assess client needs, manage large caseloads, and advocate for policy changes.
  3. Pass the Association of Social Work Board's (ASWB) Master's Exam: The ASWB master's exam comprises questions about human development, diversity, and behavior in the environment; professional relationships, values, and ethics; and assessment and intervention planning. The exam fee is $230. Learn more about the exam format and topics with the ASWB exam guidebook.
  4. Secure Social Work Licensure in Your State: The final step in becoming an LGSW is getting your license. Every state has different steps, so check your state's social work license requirements to make sure you qualify for an LGSW before applying. Once you are ready, you need to pass a background check, fill out your license application, and pay the application fee.

LGSW Salary and Career Outlook

The Bureau of Labor Statistics projects 9% job growth for all social workers between 2021 and 2031.

Social workers with an MSW, including LGSWs, earn an average of more than $26 per hour, according to Payscale data from July 2023. This salary totals to an average of $52,770 per year. The lowest paid social workers earn $40,000 per year, but the highest paid social workers earn $71,000 annually.

Your average salary as a social worker depends on your work setting, years of experience, and specialty. Local and state governments and individual and family services pay social workers higher than average salaries. Social workers with more than 20 years of experience make an average of $17,000 more per year than social workers who have less than a year of experience.

You can also make more than average if you work in healthcare. According to BLS data from May 2022, healthcare social workers make a median salary of $60,280 per year, or about $10,000 more than the median annual wage for all social work careers.

Frequently Asked Questions about Becoming an LGSW

What is required to become an LGSW?

To become an LGSW, you need a bachelor's degree, an MSW, a clean background check, a passing score on the ASWB master's exam, and a completed application. If you live in Minnesota, you also need to complete 4,000 hours of post-degree supervised experience in generalist social work.

How long does it take to become an LGSW?

It will take 6-7 years to become an LGSW. Prepare to spend most of that time in school earning your bachelor's degree and master's degree in social work. If you live in Minnesota, you could take longer to become an LGSW because they require 4,000 hours of post-degree supervised generalist experience.

What can you do with an LGSW license?

With an LGSW license, you can pursue leadership roles and careers in healthcare, social work education, and research. You can practice master's-level generalist social work in West Virginia, Minnesota, or Washington, D.C., the three states that use this license title.

How much does an LGSW make?

Social workers with an MSW, including LGSWs, make an average of $52,770 per year, according to Payscale data from July 2023. You may earn more as an LGSW if you live in Washington, D.C., one of the highest-paying locations for social workers in specialties, such as children, families, schools, mental health, or substance misuse.

What’s an LCSW? Learn How to Become a Licensed Clinical Social Worker

Written by Rebecca Munday
Last Updated: July 2023

Do you want to help people with mental health or substance misuse conditions and practice at any social work level? The licensed clinical social worker (LCSW) credential allows you to do both. Find out more about how you can become an LCSW, what you can do with your clinical license, and how much you can earn as an LCSW.

What Is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker?

An LCSW is a social worker who examines, diagnoses, and treats clients with mental health and substance misuse conditions. If you want to help individuals and families experiencing these conditions, consider becoming an LCSW.

LCSWs implement programs and provide counseling for individuals, families, and groups at the micro and mezzo levels of social work. They can also advocate for policy change and community resources at the macro level. Learn more about an LCSW's responsibilities, skills, and work settings.

LCSW Responsibilities

  • Counsel clients, families, and groups through challenging situations.
  • Assess, diagnose, and treat people with mental health and substance misuse conditions according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5).
  • Develop and implement treatment plans and programs to meet client needs.
  • Connect clients to the resources they need to improve their circumstances.
  • Work with a multidisciplinary healthcare team.

Traits of an LCSW

  • Empathy
  • Program management and development
  • Communication and interpersonal skills
  • Problem-solving skills
  • Active listening

Workplaces for an LCSW

  • Psychiatric and substance misuse hospitals
  • Private practice
  • Outpatient care centers and offices of other healthcare providers
  • Local governments
  • Residential, intellectual and developmental disability, mental health, and substance misuse facilities

Featured Online Social Work Programs

How to Become an LCSW

Each state has its own requirements for becoming an LCSW. Check with your state's licensing board to ensure you meet the licensing requirements for your state. Typically, you need a bachelor's degree, a master's degree in social work (MSW), a passing score on the Association of Social Work Boards (ASWB) clinical exam, and about two years of supervised clinical experience.

  1. Earn a Bachelor's Degree: You can earn your bachelor's degree in social work or a related field, such as biology, psychology, or political science, to qualify for an MSW program. However, a bachelor's degree in social work (BSW) prepares you to enter an MSW program with advanced standing. Advanced standing allows you to earn an MSW degree in as few as half the credits.
  2. Earn a Master's Degree in Social Work: Complete at least 900 hours of field experience in generalist social work to earn your MSW. This field experience teaches you how to manage large caseloads, advocate for policy change, and perform assessments. You also learn about human behavior in the social environment and in social welfare policy.
  3. Complete Supervised Clinical Experience Hours: You need to become a licensed master social worker (LMSW), or your state's equivalent, to complete the supervision and supervised clinical experience necessary to become an LCSW. Most states require about 3,000 hours of supervised clinical experience. However, your state may require you to complete as few as 1,500 hours or as many as 4,000 hours, so check with your state board.
  4. Pass the Association of Social Work Board's (ASWB) Clinical Exam: The ASWB clinical exam costs $260. The exam covers topics, such as assessment and intervention planning, psychotherapy, clinical interventions, and case management. Read their exam guide to find practice questions and exam categories.
  5. Secure Social Work Licensure in Your State: To apply for a clinical social work license, you must complete an application, pay the application fee, pass a background check, and submit any supporting documents. Supporting documents could include official transcripts, ASWB scores, and proof of your completed supervision and supervised experience.

LCSW Salary and Career Outlook

The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) projects 9% job growth for all social workers between 2021 and 2031. For social work that requires clinical licensure, such as healthcare, mental health, and substance misuse, the BLS projects 11% job growth in the same period.

As an LCSW, you can make an average of $63,880 per year, or about $34 an hour, according to Payscale data from July 2023.

Your geographic location, experience, and skills can influence your pay. Connecticut, California, New York, and New Jersey pay mental health and substance misuse social workers higher than average salaries nationwide. Experienced LCSWs earn an average of $20,000 more annually than LCSWs with less than a year of experience.

You can earn as much as 26% more than average as an LCSW if you have skills such as:

  • Program management
  • People management
  • Client intervention
  • Program development

Compare different careers and social work and how much social workers earn in our comprehensive guides.

Frequently Asked Questions about Becoming an LCSW

What is required to become an LCSW?

The requirements to become an LCSW vary by state, so check with your state's licensing board for details. You need an MSW, about two years of supervised clinical experience, a passing score on the ASWB clinical exam, a clean background check, and a completed license application.

How long does it take to become an LCSW?

Becoming a licensed clinical social worker (LCSW) takes 8-9 years. Prepare to spend 6-7 years earning your bachelor's and master's degrees in social work. Then, it takes about two years to complete your supervised clinical experience. After that, you will pass the ASWB clinical exam and apply for your license.

What can you do with an LCSW license?

An LCSW license allows you to practice clinical social work at the micro level. You can diagnose and treat mental health conditions, develop and implement treatment plans, advocate for your clients' needs, and connect clients to helpful resources.

How much does an LCSW make?

An LCSW makes an average of over $34 per hour, according to Payscale data from July 2023. This hourly salary totals to an average of $63,880 per year. You can increase your salary based on your experience, skills, location, or work setting.

Careers in Social Work

Written by Maura Deering, J.D.
Last Updated: July 2023

Social work careers encompass various specializations, settings, and opportunities to make meaningful improvements in people's lives at the individual, group, community, and systemic levels. Many states allow those with a bachelor of social work (BSW) degree to practice in an entry-level position. Graduate degrees can lead to more licensure choices and career advancement.

Social workers gain skills they can apply to specialty areas like children and families, healthcare, school social work, and mental health and substance misuse. Social work careers include administration and management, advocacy and community organizing, policy and planning, and research. Explore this guide to learn about the possibilities in the social work field.

What to Expect in a Career as a Social Worker

According to the National Association of Social Workers (NASW), social work's primary mission involves enhancing human well-being and helping people meet basic and complex needs, particularly those who are vulnerable, oppressed, and living in poverty.

Social work encompasses three areas; micro, mezzo, and macro. Micro social workers work with individual clients; mezzo social work focuses on families and groups; macro social workers serve as advocates and changemakers.

What Social Workers Do

Micro social workers teach individuals skills to help them better understand their emotions and cope with life's daily stresses and challenges.

Mezzo social workers perform the same functions as micro social workers but with multiple clients, including communities, families, friends, schools, and other groups, helping with struggles between individuals in the group or systemic challenges.

Macro social workers advocate for vulnerable populations through policymaking, research, government service, or coalition-building.

Social Worker Employment Settings

Social worker employers span a broad spectrum and include:

  • Hospitals and other healthcare facilities
  • Mental health clinics and rehabilitation centers
  • Military services, such as the Department of Veterans Affairs
  • Political advocacy groups and elected offices
  • Prisons and the judicial system
  • Public and private agencies that help people in need
  • Schools and child welfare organizations
  • Senior centers and long-term care facilities

Social Work Education and Training Requirements

Most social workers earn a bachelor's or master's in social work for entry-level positions. A bachelor's degree typically takes four years to complete, while a master's takes 2-3 years.

Both degrees will require you to complete supervised field experience in which you gain valuable direct-practice experience. Bachelor's programs require a minimum of 400 supervised hours, and master's programs require a minimum of 900 hours.

After earning your degree, you may pursue licensure. Some states will license social workers at the bachelor's level as a licensed bachelor of social work (LBSW). Most states offer licensure at the master's level as a licensed master of social work (LMSW) or licensed clinical social worker (LCSW). Both pathways may require 2,000-4,000 hours of post-degree supervised experience and a passing grade on the Association of Social Work Boards (ASWB) national licensure exam.

Featured Online Social Work Programs

Learn about start dates, transferring credits, availability of financial aid, and more by contacting the universities below.

Social Work Careers

The list below offers a sampling of social work careers, including educational and licensing requirements, populations served, responsibilities, and average social worker salaries.

Child and Family Social Workers

Child and family social workers help families in need and protect vulnerable children. Responsibilities include assisting in finding housing, childcare, employment, and applying for food stamps and other benefits. These social workers may also intervene in cases of child abuse, endangerment, or neglect, arrange for foster care and adoptions, and facilitate family reunifications.

Depending on state requirements, child and family social workers may need a BSW or MSW and the appropriate licensure level. The NASW offers youth and family certifications.

Child and family social workers earn an average annual salary of $56,680, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).

Forensic (Criminal Justice) Social Worker

Forensic (criminal justice) social workers help crime victims and witnesses deal with trauma. They also provide counseling to criminal offenders and assist with rehabilitation. Workplaces include halfway houses, juvenile justice offices, legal advocacy organizations, parole offices, and prisons.

Most states require a license for forensic or criminal justice social work. Depending on the jurisdiction, a BSW or MSW is required for licensure. The National Association of Forensic Counselors offers optional certifications.

Forensic (criminal justice) social workers earn an average annual salary of $57,950, according to Salary.com.

Social Work Case Manager

Social work case managers help people experiencing challenges like addiction recovery, aging, prior criminal convictions, illness, and unemployment. They connect clients with resources that include healthcare providers, housing resources, potential employers, and public benefits. They manage several cases at a time and need strong organizational and follow-up skills.

Worksite options include hospitals, rehabilitation facilities, senior centers, and social services agencies. BSW and MSW holders can apply for optional case management certification from the NASW.

Social work case managers earn an average annual salary of $45,601 as of July 2023, according to Payscale.

Mental Health Social Worker

Mental health social workers often hold LCSW credentials to provide clinical social work services, assessment, diagnosis, and psychotherapy. They work with individuals, families, and groups with mental, behavioral, and emotional conditions and offer crisis intervention, case management, and client advocacy.

Mental health social workers may work as solo practitioners or in group practices, along with hospitals and mental health facilities. LCSW licensure requires an MSW, and the NASW offers clinical social work certifications.

Mental health social workers earn an average annual salary of $60,130, according to the BLS.

Social and Community Service Manager

Social and community service managers fill leadership positions at community outreach organizations and social service programs. Depending on their employers' missions, they serve children, older adults, or those experiencing homelessness.

Typical duties include working with community members and stakeholders to oversee budgets and policies; managing social workers and other social service professionals; analyzing data to gauge the organization's effectiveness; and writing funding proposals.

These positions require a bachelor's or master's degree in social work or a related social services field.

Social and community service managers earn an average annual salary of $79,310, according to the BLS.

School Social Worker

School social workers assist pre-K-12 students with issues such as aggressive behavior, bullying, and other situations that affect their school experience. They collaborate with parents, school administrators, and teachers on ways to improve students' academic and social development, connect with resources like special education, or address frequent absences or tardiness.

As mandated reporters, they must report suspected child abuse or neglect. School social workers with an MSW can become Certified School Social Work Specialists through the NASW.

School social workers earn an average annual salary of $67,990, according to the BLS.

Substance Use Social Worker

Substance use social workers help clients of all ages recover from addictions to alcohol, drugs, and other substances. They provide case management, counseling, group and individual therapy, and advocacy. They also might conduct substance abuse research and develop educational resources and policies.

Clinical substance abuse social work requires an MSW and LCSW credentials. The NASW offers optional certification as a clinical alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs social worker.

Mental health social workers earn an average annual salary of $60,130, according to the BLS.

Healthcare Social Worker

Healthcare social workers offer direct services to clients, helping them understand and deal with medical diagnoses; communicate with healthcare providers; facilitate transitions to long-term care or back home after hospitalization; arrange home healthcare; and locate support groups. They also work in planning and policy, program development, and research.

Specialization options include gerontology, hospice, and palliative care. The NASW lists certifications in these areas, along with a certified social worker in healthcare credential.

Healthcare social workers earn an average annual salary of $62,760, according to the BLS.

Veterans Affairs Social Worker

According to the NASW, more than 13,000 social workers work at the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), and the VA ranks among the top employers of MSW holders. VA social workers provide clinical interventions to veterans in crisis or on a long-term basis, assisting them with access to care, obtaining benefit payments, locating housing resources, and counseling those experiencing trauma and injury.

The NASW offers certifications for social workers working with military service members, veterans, and their families.

Veterans Affairs social workers earn an average annual salary of $85,640, according to FederalPay.org.

Postsecondary Social Work Teachers

Employed at colleges and universities, postsecondary social work teachers are faculty members who teach social work courses. University professors typically combine teaching with research.

Social work postsecondary teachers need a master's degree to work at community colleges or in part-time positions. Universities generally require a doctorate, such as a Ph.D. in social work or doctor of social work and practice experience.

Social work postsecondary teachers earn an average annual salary of $75,330, according to the BLS.

Marriage and Family Therapist

Marriage and family therapists work primarily in private practice helping clients with relationship issues. They apply techniques such as cognitive behavior therapy to help clients replace negative thoughts and feelings with more positive reactions. They also refer clients to outside resources, including treatment centers and support groups, and coordinate with social workers, psychologists, and other professionals.

These practitioners need a master's degree and a marriage and family therapist license from their state licensing board.

Marriage and family therapists earn an average annual salary of $63,300, according to the BLS.

Frequently Asked Questions About Careers in Social Work

How do you start a career in social work?

The typical route to a social work career entails earning a bachelor's degree, followed by an MSW. Earning a BSW can give you advanced standing admission to an MSW program and accelerate graduation. Many states license BSW holders, but others only license at the MSW level.

What are the pros and cons of a career in social work?

According to a 2018 survey of social work graduates, about 91% of respondents would recommend a social work career to others, citing employment flexibility, self-growth promotion, and social justice orientation. Those who would not recommend social work as a career listed low pay and prestige and a lack of entry-level opportunities.

Is licensure required to become a social worker?

Depending on your state requirements and the area of social work you plan to focus on, it may be possible to become a social worker without a license. But clinical social workers must hold a license.

What are the three types of social work?

Micro and mezzo social work focus on direct client practice. Micro social workers work with individuals, while mezzo social workers work with groups, families, and communities. Macro social work involves program development, policy advocacy, education, and administration and leadership.